Introduction
A phenomenon is a concept or an occurrence that can be observed and studied to understand its causes and effects. Phenomena exist in all aspects of life and can be studied in various ways. In nursing, phenomena include caring, responses to stress, and many other aspects of health and well-being. This essay will discuss the theory of human caring, its phenomenon of concern, and the assumptions underpinning it.
Middle-Range Theories
The human caring theory is an example of a middle-range theory that can inform research. This theory was developed by Dr. Jean Watson and is based on the premise that caring is the essence of nursing and is the central focus of nursing practice (Alharbi & Baker, 2020). The phenomenon of concern in this theory is the caring process and the relationships between caregivers and care-receivers. Another assumption is that caring is a process that involves the nurse being present and attentive to the patient’s needs.
The theory of planned behavior is another middle-range theory that can be applied to research. This theory is based on the idea that behavior is influenced by a person’s intentions, beliefs, and attitudes (Bosnjak et al., 2020). The phenomenon of concern in this theory is the decision-making process and how individual beliefs and attitudes can influence behavior. The assumptions underpinning this theory include the belief that a person’s intentions determine behavior, that behavior is affected by a person’s beliefs and attitudes, and that behavior can be changed by changing a person’s beliefs and attitudes.
Conclusion
To conclude, phenomena are events that can be studied to understand their causes and effects. In nursing, this includes caring and responding to stress. Assumptions, on the other hand, are accepted as accurate when interpreting a concept. This essay discussed two theories: the theory of human caring and the theory of planned behavior. Their assumptions include the core of nursing being caring, behavior determined by intentions, and behavior can be changed by beliefs and attitudes.
References
Alharbi, K. N. & Baker, O. G. (2020). Jean Watson’s middle range theory of human caring: A critique. International Journal of Advanced Multidisciplinary Scientific Research, 3(1), 1581-4281. Web.
Bosnjak, M., Ajzen, I. & Schmidt, P. (2020). The theory of planned behavior: Selected recent advances and applications. Europe’s Journal of Psychology, 16(3), 352-356.
